Phenotypic Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Strains in a Referral Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Background: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are an important and increasing threat to global health. They nowadays more encountered routinely in hospitals cause high morbidity mortality due limited therapeutic alternatives. This study sought determine the prevalence of CPE Yaoundé teaching hospital, Cameroon, associated risk factors. Materials Method: To achieve this goal, a descriptive cross-sectional coupled analytical component with consecutive collection Enterobacteria strains was carried out during three-month period (from 27th July 24th October 2018) University Teaching Hospital Yaoundé, Cameroon. The oxidase biochemical identification tests using miniaturized Api 20 E system were performed on colonies grown Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) medium subcultured nutrient agar. Drug susceptibility testing according Antibiogram Committee French Society Microbiology (CA-SFM 2018.V.2.0). detection carbapenemase production by CA-SFM 2018 algorithm for screening carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae its classification inhibitory synergy tests. Results: Out 104 isolates, Escherichia coli (50%) most prevalent species, followed Klebsiella pneumoniae (37.5%) Citrobacter frendii (12.5%). Drugs patterns showed resistance penicillins group (97.4% amoxicillin), cephalosporins (68.4% cefotaxim, 58.1% cefixim, 60.7% ceftazidim, 57.1% cefoxitin) aztreonam (55.7%). However, 11.9% carbapenems related noticed: 14.4% imipenem, 13.8% ertapenem 7.5% meropenem. Numerous co-resistance quinolones (65.8%), fluoroquinolones (49.6%), aminoglycosides (49.6%) cotrimoxazole (71.8%) also observed. From AmpC represented 23.08% (25/104) 36.54% (38/104) ESBL-isolates. overall 25% (26/104) K.pneumoniae predominant (61.53%). Besides, Class A class B mainly produced respectively 20% (21/104) 5% (5/104). Univariate analysis revealed significant association (p = 0.01), ESBL ((P 0.01 P 0.001 respectively) while that only spp 0.04) 0.02) multivariate analysis. Conclusion: multi-resistance antibiotics Cameroon has considerably increased. More attention should be paid those bacteria stall antimicrobial spread.